Book Review: Beyond Trails in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, by Nancy Pallister, 3rd edition

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Book Review: Beyond Trails in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, by Nancy Pallister, 3rd edition

Post by TDK »

Beyond Trails is an off-trail backpacking guidebook to the Wind River Range. Nancy Pallister was a NOLS leader from 1969 to 1975 and has backpacked in the Wind River Range for more than fifty years.

I've used the 1st and 2nd editions to plan many hikes, starting in 2016 with a five-day trip to view the eclipse from the summit of Downs Mountain. These are my favorite hiking guidebooks. The routes are well-researched and the writing is clear. The maps…well, we'll talk about this.

Image

This photo illustrates why this book is needed. Goat Flats is a peneplain, a flattish seabed raised intact to 12,000'. It stretches for miles and is easy walking, but has no water and no three-foot area without a sharp rock, except for one place. Pallister guides you to The Oasis, a flat, sandy area along a creek below a huge permanent snowfield. And the view, you can judge for yourself. It was the only place where my dog and I could camp and summit Downs Mountain in time for the eclipse.

Image

The book is not a guide for summiting peaks. If that's your goal, you want Joe Kelsey's *Climbing and Hiking in the Wind River Range*.

If you prefer to hike on trails, there are trail guides available.

Compared to Colorado, the Wind River Range is bigger and more rugged than our Wilderness Areas. Most places in Colorado, you can't hike more than three or four days without popping out on the other side of the range. Three or four days will barely get you into most parts of the Wind River Range.

All of the 2nd edition routes are loops. The 3rd edition has these additions:
- Eleven point-to-point hikes. Nine are north-south, two are east-west.
- Clearer maps of the 2nd edition routes (the first six chapters).
- 15-25 color photos of each route.

Point-to-point hikes are increasingly popular with thru-hikers and trail runners carrying ultralight backpacks (fastpackers). About two hundred Continental Divide Trail (CDT) thru-hikers go through the Wind River Range on the Fremont Trail each summer. According to Wikipedia, they voted this section as their favorite section of the CDT, and the Cirque of the Towers as their favorite place on the CDT. But I've talked a dozen or more CDT hikers on the Fremont Trail and, with one exception, none would consider taking a half-day to summit Fremont Peak. They had schedules and were carrying limited food. (On Knapsack Pass I was a day ahead of schedule and met two thru-hikers who were behind schedule, so I gave them a day of food to lighten my backpack.) Pallister's point-to-point hikes do not include a "alternative CDT" to the Fremont Trail and I can't picture CDT thru-hikers buying Pallister's book.

Then there are the trail runners, and Andy Skurka's Wind River High Route (WRHR).

https://andrewskurka.com/adventures/win ... igh-route/

I completed the WRHR last summer, as three (or five) loops over two (or three) summers.

Skurka's route and Pallister's routes have much in common. They go to the same places! But there's a different mindset. Skurka's route has Fastest Known Times (FKTs), now 1 day 13 hours for men and 2 days 5 hours for women. This is for 96 miles, 65 of which are off-trail, 64 of which are boulderfields, or at least that's my memory. Nine days would be a normal time.

Skurka's WRHR aims to be the route that stays closest to the Continental Divide from Wind River Peak to Downs Mountain, i.e., the length of the Wind River Range, without demanding mountaineering skills, e.g., not Bonney Pass. There's a sense of accomplishment, e.g., when I finished I notified my college's alumni magazine (with this picture of Gannett).

Image

No one is going to post FKTs of Pallister's routes. They're for exploring the Wind River Range. Exploring was not on the minds of the few WRHR hikers I met. They, like the CDT thru-hikers, wanted to stay on the "official route." In contrast, I summitted Mount Febbas (13,474 ft) and nearly summitted Sunbeam Peak (13,446 ft); looped south of Wind River Peak to Coon Lake, Little Sandy Creek, and Temple Pass; skipped the Alpine Lakes to explore Fortress Lake, the Brown Cliff Lakes, the Goatpackers Bench, and the Shangra-la Lakes; and skipped West Sentinel Pass to go up Gannett Creek.

I'm going to make a hypothesis about the minds of trail runners: they can't read maps. I've led many backpacking trips and 90% of the people on my trips can't read maps. I have a rule that at some point on trips I tell the women to lead, and, as a rule, they refuse, saying that they prefer to follow the men. My guess is that they're afraid they'll get lost, even with me right behind them.

I've met many trail runners who have no idea where they are. Again, they go in groups, following someone who's been there before, who may or may not be able to read a map.

In other words, fastpacking is a sport developed from a combination of light backpacking gear (yay!), trail running shoes (yay!), and sharing GPS tracks on phones (not yay).

We need to talk about Pallister's maps. For the 2nd edition digital download, she printed maps from TOPO onto 8.5x11 sheets, drew the routes with highlighters, and then scanned the maps on a scanner. This was fine for the 2nd edition, where most routes fit on a few quads. The 2nd edition printed book has maps of each route showing just the lakes, passes, dashed trails, and dotted off-trail routes. These maps don't show mountains or topo lines so don't help you visualize the challenges of the routes, but they are clear and easy to transpose onto topo maps. Pallister intentionally doesn't provide GPS tracks because she believes that if you can't read a map you shouldn't be in the backcountry.

Image

For the 3rd edition, the digital download has the minimalist lakes-and-dotted-lines maps from the printed 2nd edition book, for the routes that were in the 2nd edition. The eleven new point-to-point hikes have the highlighter-on-topo-scans. These are awful, because the routes are longer. I can't read the names of the lakes or the mountains or see the topo lines, even when I zoom in. She printed two-thirds of the Wind River Range on one 8.5x11 sheet, drew a route with highlighter, and then scanned the sheet.

Image

Andy Skurka drew his WRHR in CalTopo, then saved it as a high-res PDF that you can zoom in. He drew the routes from waypoint to waypoint (passes and peaks) and left it up to the hiker to find their way between the waypoints.

Pallister draws the full routes but the 3rd edition maps leave out peaks and topo lines, or have unreadable names of lakes and mountains.

Either way excludes the trail runners who can't read maps.

The Cirque of the Towers suffers from overuse. Lonesome Lake has the highest fecal matter of any lake tested by the EPA (384x higher than safe levels). Pallister's guidebook helps hikers go into the 99% of the Wind River Range that isn't overused. Most hikes I go for days without seeing anyone. GPS apps solve the problem of hikers who can't read maps, but introduce new problems. If everyone is sharing a few GPS tracks, a few areas will be overused. One solution might be for Pallister's book (or similar guidebooks) to provide 57 GPS routes, or at least better maps.

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The 3rd edition has 57 routes. Most are in the six- to ten-day range. Pallister is clear about the difficulty of each route. Most are rated in the 30s, 40s, or 50s.

Image

If you buy the book, check that you get a bookmark, and don't lose it! The QR code on the bookmark is how you access the maps.

Pallister's estimated days reflect 1970s backpacks, which were twice the weight of current gear. I've found that I can consistently cut a day or two off of her schedules.

Image

This review has turned out to be about who shouldn't buy this book:
- Climbers and mountaineers focused on summits
- On-trail hikers
- Thru-hikers intent on getting to Canada
- Trail runners who can't read maps

The person who should buy this book is an off-trail backpacker, who wants to do long, difficult hikes into remote areas, and can read a map.

If you've never hiked off-trail, should you buy this book? Absolutely! Ten hikes are listed for "off-trail novices."

Buy the 3rd edition for $40 + $8 shipping from the Great Outdoor Shop in Pinedale, Wyoming, (307) 367-2440, greatoutdoorshop.com.

My blog post about the WRHR: Always Be Exploring: Andy Skurka’s Wind River High Route.
https://medium.com/@tdkehoe/my-adventur ... 50877468c4
Last edited by TDK on Sat Jun 20, 2026 7:58 pm, edited 7 times in total.
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Re: Book Review: Beyond Trails in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, by Nancy Pallister, 3rd edition

Post by Wentzl »

i can not speak to the self promotion of this book, but I have been to the Cirque of the Towers and remember it as a fond highlight of my mountaineering experience.
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Re: Book Review: Beyond Trails in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, by Nancy Pallister, 3rd edition

Post by Eli Boardman »

TDK wrote: Sun May 31, 2026 8:34 pmGoat Flats is a *peneplain*, a flattish seabed raised intact to 12,000'.
Goat Flat is a very cool place--and that's quite the eclipse shot from Downs, nice! It's most definitely not a seabed though. It's actually not flat either--it very closely matches a parabola (albeit a rather shallow one). You can read about the specific geomorphology of Goat Flat here: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00053-3

Freely accessible link with Scihub: https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00053-3
GoatFlatParabola.PNG

Shameless plug for some of my own Wind River research:
(Snow, glaciers, streams)
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3193-2025
(Long-distance blowing snow, especially important on Goat Flat and other "peneplains," though that term is a bit outdated)
https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113599
TDK wrote: Sun May 31, 2026 8:34 pm If everyone is sharing a few GPS tracks, a few areas will be overused.
I've been saying this for over a decade but it seems to be an increasingly unpopular opinion. Also, didn't we have this discussion already in your other thread?
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Re: Book Review: Beyond Trails in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, by Nancy Pallister, 3rd edition

Post by TDK »

Eli Boardman wrote: Sun May 31, 2026 9:31 pm
TDK wrote: Sun May 31, 2026 8:34 pmGoat Flats is a *peneplain*, a flattish seabed raised intact to 12,000'.
Goat Flat is a very cool place--and that's quite the eclipse shot from Downs, nice! It's most definitely not a seabed though. It's actually not flat either--it very closely matches a parabola (albeit a rather shallow one). You can read about the specific geomorphology of Goat Flat here: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00053-3

Freely accessible link with Scihub: https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00053-3

GoatFlatParabola.PNG

Shameless plug for some of my own Wind River research:
(Snow, glaciers, streams)
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-3193-2025
(Long-distance blowing snow, especially important on Goat Flat and other "peneplains," though that term is a bit outdated)
https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113599
Interesting article! I asked ChatGPT to explain it.

---

### Imagine a Rocky Mountain mountaintop

Picture a broad, rounded alpine surface—like a high plateau or gentle ridge near treeline in Colorado or Wyoming.

It looks strangely smooth and stable, while nearby glaciers have carved steep dramatic valleys.

The question is:

> Why didn’t the mountain top get eaten away at the same speed as the glacier valleys?

---

### What covers the mountaintop?

The authors say these surfaces are usually covered with a **very thin layer of loose dirt and broken rock** (called *regolith*)—maybe about **3 feet (1 meter) thick**.

Underneath is solid granite or other hard bedrock.

Occasionally you see isolated rock towers sticking out. Those are called:

tors

Think of the granite piles you see in some mountain parks.

---

### What process shapes the landscape?

Not rivers. Not landslides.

Mostly:

### Freeze–thaw creep

Water gets into the soil.

At night or in winter it freezes and expands.

When it melts, the soil shifts a tiny bit downhill.

Repeat this for **millions of winters**.

The mountain surface slowly “flows” downhill like an incredibly slow conveyor belt.

Not inches per year.

**Microns per year**—thinner than a human hair.

---

### Why are the tops broad and rounded?

The researchers built a computer model and found that this slow freeze–thaw movement naturally smooths landscapes over very long times.

Steep bumps gradually soften.

Sharp ridges slowly become:

> broad, gently curved, rounded mountaintops.

Like sanding wood for a million years.

---

### Why don’t the glacier valleys drag the whole mountain down?

This is the key idea.

At the edge of the mountaintop there are often **rock cliffs (“bedrock lips”)** dropping into glacial valleys.

Those cliff edges stay mostly bare rock.

Why?

Because dirt can’t accumulate there—it falls off.

Without dirt, freeze–thaw soil creep can’t really work.

So the edge becomes kind of **“disconnected”** from the valley below.

Meanwhile the glacier is aggressively digging the valley deeper.

So:

* **Valleys deepen quickly**
* **Mountaintops erode very slowly**

The mountain top basically ignores what the glacier is doing.

The paper calls this **“decoupling.”**

Think:

> the valleys are being chainsawed downward while the mountaintop is being gently sanded.

---

### Why do some peaks have rock towers (tors) and others don’t?

The model says it depends on **how steep the mountain originally was**.

If the original mountain was steep and jagged:

* some sharp spots stay exposed
* dirt can’t collect there
* smoothing stops

Result:

> rocky knobs or tors remain.

If the original landscape was gentler:

* dirt accumulates everywhere
* freeze–thaw smoothing keeps going

Result:

> broad smooth rounded tops with no rocky outcrops.

---

### What does this tell us about the Rockies?

The authors are talking especially about the old mountain ranges formed during the:

Laramide orogeny

(roughly the mountain-building that created much of today’s Rockies).

Their conclusion is:

1. These broad alpine surfaces have probably been shaped by freeze–thaw processes for **millions of years**.

2. The mountaintops do **not** have to be remnants of one giant ancient flat surface stretching across the West (an old geological idea).

3. The occasional granite tors suggest the mountains were probably **originally steeper and rougher** than they look now.

---

### One-sentence summary

> **Glaciers carved deep valleys, but the mountaintops evolved separately—slowly smoothing themselves through millions of freeze–thaw cycles, leaving broad rounded surfaces and occasional rocky outcrops.**
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Re: Book Review: Beyond Trails in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, by Nancy Pallister, 3rd edition

Post by TDK »

Eli Boardman wrote: Sun May 31, 2026 9:31 pm
TDK wrote: Sun May 31, 2026 8:34 pmGoat Flats is a *peneplain*, a flattish seabed raised intact to 12,000'.
Goat Flat is a very cool place--
Eli, can you resolve a dispute I've had with at least four people? Are there goats on Goat Flats?

They insist they saw goats on Goat Flats. I told them that they saw female Bighorn Sheep.
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Re: Book Review: Beyond Trails in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, by Nancy Pallister, 3rd edition

Post by Eli Boardman »

TDK wrote: Mon Jun 01, 2026 8:45 am
Eli Boardman wrote: Sun May 31, 2026 9:31 pm
TDK wrote: Sun May 31, 2026 8:34 pmGoat Flats is a *peneplain*, a flattish seabed raised intact to 12,000'.
Goat Flat is a very cool place--
Eli, can you resolve a dispute I've had with at least four people? Are there goats on Goat Flats?

They insist they saw goats on Goat Flats. I told them that they saw female Bighorn Sheep.
No mountain goats in the Wind Rivers (thankfully, as they're invasive to the Rocky Mountains). There are some goats in the Tetons, which they are trying to exterminate. You're correct that Goat Flat is a misnomer and what they saw are bighorn sheep. I guess technically it should be called "Sheep Parabola" instead of "Goat Flat." :mrgreen:

There are quite a few geographical misnomers in the northern Winds...nearby Shale Mountain is another one (there is no shale, it is granite/basalt/gneiss).
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Re: Book Review: Beyond Trails in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, by Nancy Pallister, 3rd edition

Post by TDK »

Eli Boardman wrote: Mon Jun 01, 2026 9:25 am
TDK wrote: Mon Jun 01, 2026 8:45 am
Eli Boardman wrote: Sun May 31, 2026 9:31 pm

Goat Flat is a very cool place--
Eli, can you resolve a dispute I've had with at least four people? Are there goats on Goat Flats?

They insist they saw goats on Goat Flats. I told them that they saw female Bighorn Sheep.
No mountain goats in the Wind Rivers (thankfully, as they're invasive to the Rocky Mountains). There are some goats in the Tetons, which they are trying to exterminate. You're correct that Goat Flat is a misnomer and what they saw are bighorn sheep. I guess technically it should be called "Sheep Parabola" instead of "Goat Flat." :mrgreen:

There are quite a few geographical misnomers in the northern Winds...nearby Shale Mountain is another one (there is no shale, it is granite/basalt/gneiss).
I mean domesticated goats. No one could mistake a Mountain Goat for a Bighorn Sheep. But a large domesticated goat looks similar to a small female Bighorn, or juvenile Bighorns. Have you ever seen domesticated goats on Goat Flats?

And what about the Goatpackers Bench, the peneplain from the Shangra-la Lakes to the Brown Cliff Lakes? I've heard of backpacking with goats. Did someone actually take clients to Camp Lake with their gear on goats?

Image

The Goatpackers Bench (12,345').
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Re: Book Review: Beyond Trails in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, by Nancy Pallister, 3rd edition

Post by Eli Boardman »

TDK wrote: Mon Jun 01, 2026 12:47 pm I mean domesticated goats. No one could mistake a Mountain Goat for a Bighorn Sheep. But a large domesticated goat looks similar to a small female Bighorn, or juvenile Bighorns. Have you ever seen domesticated goats on Goat Flats?

And what about the Goatpackers Bench, the peneplain from the Shangra-la Lakes to the Brown Cliff Lakes? I've heard of backpacking with goats. Did someone actually take clients to Camp Lake with their gear on goats?
Goat Flat gets its name from people confusing mountain goats with bighorn sheep (at least according to Kelsey).

I think you can tell domesticated goats apart from any kind of wild animal on the basis of whether they are being led around by humans and/or carrying packs, eh?
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Re: Book Review: Beyond Trails in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, by Nancy Pallister, 3rd edition

Post by Scott P »

TDK wrote: Mon Jun 01, 2026 12:47 pmI mean domesticated goats. No one could mistake a Mountain Goat for a Bighorn Sheep. But a large domesticated goat looks similar to a small female Bighorn, or juvenile Bighorns. Have you ever seen domesticated goats on Goat Flats?
In the past, the old time sheepherders and ranchers in the Rockies often (maybe even universally) used to refer to bighorns as goats since the looked so different from the sheep they were used to. My guess is that it was named during that time period.

People did use goats at pack animals and occasionally still do though so it is theoretically possible but it seems unlikely. I can't think of ever seeing a domestic goat anywhere in the backcountry in Wyoming or anywhere else in the Rockies.
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Re: Book Review: Beyond Trails in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, by Nancy Pallister, 3rd edition

Post by TDK »

Scott P wrote: Tue Jun 02, 2026 10:18 pm
TDK wrote: Mon Jun 01, 2026 12:47 pmI mean domesticated goats. No one could mistake a Mountain Goat for a Bighorn Sheep. But a large domesticated goat looks similar to a small female Bighorn, or juvenile Bighorns. Have you ever seen domesticated goats on Goat Flats?
In the past, the old time sheepherders and ranchers in the Rockies often (maybe even universally) used to refer to bighorns as goats since the looked so different from the sheep they were used to. My guess is that it was named during that time period.

People did use goats at pack animals and occasionally still do though so it is theoretically possible but it seems unlikely. I can't think of ever seeing a domestic goat anywhere in the backcountry in Wyoming or anywhere else in the Rockies.
That answer makes sense! Pronghorns were called antelopes (their closest relatives are giraffes). Bison were called buffalo. Bighorns were called goats when they're sheep.
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